Cancer Incidence - Prostate Cancer

Why Is This Important?

In New Mexico, prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer for African American, Asian, Hispanic and White men, and is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer for American Indian men. Prostate cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer for American Indian men, the second leading cause of death from cancer for African American and White men, and is the third leading cause of cancer death for Asian and Hispanic men in New Mexico.

Definition

New cases of prostate cancer per 100,000 population (males) in New Mexico Prostate cancer incidence is defined as new cases of malignant cancer of the prostate.

Data Sources

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, CDC WONDER Online Database
  (http://wonder.cdc.gov)
• New Mexico Population Estimates: University of New Mexico, Geospatial and Population Studies (GPS) Program.
  (http://gps.unm.edu/)
• New Mexico Tumor Registry
  (https://nmtrweb.unm.edu/)

How the Measure is Calculated

How Are We Doing?

The rate of new cases of prostate cancer among New Mexican men has continued to decline over the past decade after having been stable since the mid-1990s.

How Do We Compare With the U.S.?

In response to increased use of the prostate specific antigen (PSA) blood test to screen for prostate cancer, there was a dramatic increase in prostate cancer incidence rates in the U.S. and New Mexico that occurred in the late 1980s. Prostate cancer incidence rates then decreased in the early 1990s, and were fairly stable from the mid 1990s until beginning to decrease again in 2008. Since the early 1990s New Mexico has had a lower prostate cancer incidence rate than the U.S. overall. In 2015, New Mexico had the 3rd lowest prostate cancer incidence rate at 72.6 per 100,000 males; Alaska was the lowest at 61.0 and Nevada was the 2nd lowest at 69.5.

What Is Being Done?

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), we need better ways to screen for and treat prostate cancer. Until these discoveries are made, and even when they are, men and their families should turn to trusted health care professionals to help them make informed decisions. If you are thinking about being screened, you and your doctor should consider: - If you have a family history of prostate cancer - If you are African-American - If you have other medical conditions that may make it difficult for you to be treated for prostate cancer if it is found, or that may make you less likely to benefit from screening - How you value the potential benefits and harms of screening, diagnosis, and treatment

Evidence-based Practices

The Comprehensive Cancer Program (CCP) promotes screening recommendations made by the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). In 2018, the USPSTF concluded that for men ages 55 to 69 years, the decision to undergo periodic prostate-specific antigen (PSA)based screening for prostate cancer should be an individual one. Before deciding whether to be screened, men should have an opportunity to discuss the potential benefits and harms of screening with their clinician and to incorporate their values and preferences in the decision. Screening offers a small potential benefit of reducing the chance of death from prostate cancer in some men. However, many men will experience potential harms of screening, including false-positive results that require additional testing and possible prostate biopsy; overdiagnosis and overtreatment; and treatment complications, such as incontinence and erectile dysfunction. In determining whether this service is appropriate in individual cases, patients and clinicians should consider the balance of benefits and harms on the basis of family history, race/ethnicity, comorbid medical conditions, patient values about the benefits and harms of screening and treatment-specific outcomes, and other health needs. Clinicians should not screen men who do not express a preference for screening.

Other Objectives

Other relevant HP2020 objectives: C-18: Increase the proportion of adults who were counseled about cancer screening consistent with current guidelines

Available Services

Please visit the New Mexico Department of Health Comprehensive Cancer Program website at: http://archive.cancernm.org/ccp/

More Resources

New Mexico Department of Health Comprehensive Cancer Program (http://archive.cancernm.org/ccp/) United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) (https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/prostate-cancer-screening1) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/prostate/index.htm) Surveillance Epidemiology and End Result (SEER) Program (http://seer.cancer.gov/) New Mexico Tumor Registry (NMTR), University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine (http://nmtrweb.unm.edu/) National Cancer Institute (NCI) (www.cancer.gov) American Cancer Society (ACS) (www.cancer.org) New Mexico Cancer Council (NMCC) (http://www.nmcancercouncil.org/) Albuquerque Cancer Coalition (ACC) (https://acc.nmcca.org/) The National Library of Medicine (NLM) MedlinePlus (www.medlineplus.gov) Commission on Cancer (www.facs.org/quality-programs/cancer) Cancer Control P.L.A.N.E.T. (http://cancercontrolplanet.cancer.gov/) The Guide to Community Preventive Services (http://www.thecommunityguide.org/cancer/index.html) Research-tested Intervetion Programs (RTIPs) (http://rtips.cancer.gov/rtips/index.do)

Health Program Information

Visit the New Mexico Department of Health Comprehensive Cancer Program website at: http://archive.cancernm.org/ccp/